BRDPoSChain
Hierarchical consensus for a national-scale digital economy
A production EVM blockchain with a three-tier reward hierarchy, hard-capped BRC supply, mint-on-claim BRX staking rewards, cryptographic Token DNA provenance and a KYC-backed digital identity, BirrID. Every figure in this edition is taken from the consensus source code and verified against the live mainnet.
Abstract
BRDPoSChain is an Ethereum-compatible Layer-1 secured by BRDPoS, a delegated proof-of-stake consensus that organises time into 900-block epochs, 810,000-block SuperBlocks and 2,430,000-block ClusterChain periods. Rewards are minted only at those boundaries (1,000 / 5,000 / 20,000 BRC), halve every 47,304,000 blocks (about 4.5 years) and are split 50 / 40 / 10 between masternodes, the staking reward pool and the foundation. The native coin BRC has a hard cap of 330,000,000, of which 194,000,000 were allocated at genesis to 45 wallets and the remainder can only be created by consensus. BRX, an ERC-20 minted on claim, rewards BRC stakers at 0.15 BRX per BRC per day, halving every two years. Token DNA gives every BRC and BRX movement a deterministic SHA-256 fingerprint and lineage; BirrID binds wallets to a ten-level KYC identity. The network has been in continuous production since 30 December 2025.
1Introduction
Birr Foundation builds public blockchain infrastructure for payments, identity and asset provenance with the Ethiopian diaspora and East-African corridor economies as its first market. BRDPoSChain is the settlement layer of that infrastructure: a fork of the go-ethereum lineage with a bespoke consensus engine (BRDPoS), system contracts for validator management, and an application stack (BirrWallet, BirrFoundation web, BirrDEX, BirrBridge, BirrID) that runs on it.
The design goals are deliberately conservative: predictable 3-second blocks, a hard-capped and fully auditable supply, rewards that pay for infrastructure rather than speculation, provenance for every token movement, and a compliance-ready identity layer that keeps personal data off-chain. This document describes the system as deployed; where earlier editions described planned features as live, this edition corrects them.
Hierarchical consensus
Four consensus versions (V1→V4) and three reward tiers give the chain predictable checkpoints every 45 minutes, 28 days and 84 days.
Hard-capped economics
330M BRC cap, 194M genesis, boundary-only emission with a 4.5-year halving. Lifetime consensus emission converges to ≈106.5M BRC.
Token DNA
Every BRC and BRX movement receives a deterministic SHA-256 genetic hash with a validation proof and lineage, indexed fork-free.
BirrID identity
Ten KYC levels (0–9) anchored on-chain as an NFT identity; documents, photos and biometrics stay encrypted off-chain.
2Network at a glance
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Chain ID | 3669 | genesis · eth_chainId verified |
| Native coin | BRC (18 decimals) | genesis |
| Block time | 3 seconds (measured ≈3.1 s) | params.GetBlockTimeSeconds code |
| Blocks per year | 10,512,000 | params.GetBlocksPerYearProduction |
| Epoch | 900 blocks | params.GetEpochLengthNumber |
| Gap block | 450 | params.GetGapNumber |
| SuperBlock interval | 810,000 blocks | params.GetSuperBlockInterval (production) |
| ClusterChain interval | 2,430,000 blocks | params.GetClusterChainInterval (production) |
| Halving interval | 47,304,000 blocks | params.GetHalvingIntervalBlocks |
| Minimum gas price | 0.25 gwei (250,000,000 wei) | common.DefaultMinGasPrice |
| Block gas limit | 200,000,000 | chain head verified |
| Max masternodes | 108 | params.GetMaxMasternodesProduction |
| Protector nodes | 216 | params.GetProtectorNodesProduction |
| Certificate threshold | 0.667 | genesis BRDPoS.v2.config |
| Finality | 6 blocks (≈18 s) | genesis BRDPoS.v2.config.finalityTime |
| Mainnet start | Block 1 sealed 2025-12-30 19:42:17 UTC | eth_getBlockByNumber(1) verified |
| Public RPC | https://rpc.birr.foundation | CORS-open JSON-RPC |
| Explorer | https://birr.foundation/explorer | — |
3Hierarchical consensus (BRDPoS)
BRDPoS is a delegated proof-of-stake engine in which a set of masternodes seal blocks in turn and confirm each other's blocks through the Block Signer system contract. The engine is versioned; the version in force is a function of block height, so every node computes the same rules from the same chain data and upgrades never require coordination outside the block schedule.
3.1 Consensus versions
| Version | Engine | Mainnet blocks | What it adds |
|---|---|---|---|
| V1 | engine_v1 | 1 – 899 | Static genesis validator set, ECDSA-sealed blocks, foundation of the chain. |
| V2 | engine_v2 | 900 – 809,999 | Epoch checkpoints every 900 blocks, epoch reward of 1,000 BRC, quorum certificates (2/3 threshold), timeout certificates, masternode election from contract 0x88 at each checkpoint. |
| V3 | engine_v3 | 810,000 – 2,429,999 | SuperBlock boundary every 810,000 blocks with a 5,000 BRC reward, randomised proposer ordering via the Randomize contract (0x90), penalty tracking. |
| V4 | engine_v4 | 2,430,000 → | ClusterChain boundary every 2,430,000 blocks with a 20,000 BRC reward, BFT voting (bft_consensus.go, vote.go), participation tracking (participation.go), anti-deadlock recovery, clusterchain coordinator. Active on mainnet today. |
3.2 Epochs, SuperBlocks and ClusterChain
Tier 1 · Epoch live
Every 900 blocks (≈45 minutes; 11,680 per year). The masternode set is re-elected at the checkpoint, and 1,000 BRC is minted and split 50 / 40 / 10. The gap block (offset 450) is where the next set is prepared.
Tier 2 · SuperBlock live
Every 810,000 blocks (≈28.1 days; 12.98 per year). 5,000 BRC minted, split 50 / 30 / 10 / 10. Uptime and stake filters restrict eligibility to validators meeting the SuperBlock tier.
Tier 3 · ClusterChain live
Every 2,430,000 blocks (≈84.4 days; 4.33 per year). 20,000 BRC minted, split 50 / 30 / 10 / 10. A block can be an epoch, SuperBlock and ClusterChain boundary at once, in which case all rewards are paid.
Regular blocks mint nothing. A validator's income from ordinary blocks is the gas of the transactions it includes, credited to the block coinbase (core/state_transition.go). Consensus signing transactions to the Block Signer contract are zero-gas-price and therefore free.
3.3 Validator set, certificates and finality
- Election. Candidates and their stake live in the Masternode Validator system contract at 0x…0088. At each epoch checkpoint the engine reads the contract and seals the elected set into the block's validators field; penalised nodes are listed in penalties.
- Signing. Each masternode confirms recent blocks by calling sign(blockNumber, blockHash) on the Block Signer contract at 0x…0089. A block is considered signed when signatures reach the 0.667 certificate threshold; finality is reached after 6 blocks (≈18 seconds).
- Randomisation. From block 3,464,000 the Randomize contract (0x…0090) collects secret / opening commitments each epoch (blocks 800 and 850 of the epoch) to derive the proposer order.
- Set size. Genesis V2 configuration allows 8 masternodes; production parameters permit up to 108 masternodes and 216 protector nodes. Five masternodes are active today, one of which also acts as the oracle node.
- Recovery. The V4 engine includes an anti-deadlock path: if the elected set stalls, a genesis validator resumes production after a grace period so the chain never halts.
3.4 Mainnet activations
4Tokenomics
4.1 BRC supply
Total supply is measured, not declared: it is the live sum of the 45 genesis wallets (which grow as rewards are minted) plus coins that have left them into project-controlled vaults. Circulating supply counts only BRC that has left the six public-distribution wallets; reserve, foundation, treasury and validator wallets are excluded even as they accumulate rewards. The methodology is published at /api/supply and consumed by market-data aggregators.
4.2 Genesis allocation
| Allocation | BRC | % of cap | Wallet | Distribution wallet |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Public Sale | 30,000,000 | 9.09% | 0x2ca2…2F08 | yes |
| Liquidity | 30,000,000 | 9.09% | 0x207A…55c4 | yes |
| Foundation | 15,000,000 | 4.55% | 0x6704…46a6 | no |
| Development | 15,000,000 | 4.55% | 0x6B63…C2fB | no |
| Private Sale | 15,000,000 | 4.55% | 0x7e0F…0322 | yes |
| Staking Rewards reserve | 15,000,000 | 4.55% | 0x40C8…04F2 | no |
| Treasury | 12,000,000 | 3.64% | 0xcA42…5014 | no |
| Marketing | 10,000,000 | 3.03% | 0x7802…2577 | yes |
| Ecosystem | 8,000,000 | 2.42% | 0x23f7…1c60 | yes |
| Airdrops | 5,000,000 | 1.52% | 0x8f12…3D88 | yes |
| Validator wallets (3M + 2M + 2M) | 7,000,000 | 2.12% | 3 wallets | no |
| Node & validator wallets (32 × 1,000,000) | 32,000,000 | 9.70% | 32 wallets | no |
| Genesis total | 194,000,000 | 58.79% | summed on-chain at block 0 verified | |
4.3 Emission and halving
| Reward | Amount (era 0) | Every | Per year | BRC / year |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epoch | 1,000 BRC | 900 blocks | 11,680 | 11,680,000 |
| SuperBlock | 5,000 BRC | 810,000 blocks | 12.98 | 64,889 |
| ClusterChain | 20,000 BRC | 2,430,000 blocks | 4.33 | 86,519 |
| Total | ≈ 1.1255 BRC per block equivalent | ≈ 11,831,000 | ||
reward(block) = base_reward >> era // exact right-shift, no floor, decays to zero
lifetime_emission = Σera 47,304,000 × 1.1255 / 2era = 2 × 53.24M ≈ 106.5M BRC
final_supply → 194M + 106.5M ≈ 300.5M BRC (91.1% of the 330M cap)
| Era | Blocks | Years (approx.) | Epoch | SuperBlock | ClusterChain | BRC / year | Era total | Cumulative |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 (current) | 0 – 47,303,999 | 0 – 4.5 | 1,000 | 5,000 | 20,000 | 11.83M | 53.24M | 53.24M |
| 1 | 47,304,000 – 94,607,999 | 4.5 – 9 | 500 | 2,500 | 10,000 | 5.92M | 26.62M | 79.86M |
| 2 | 94,608,000 – 141,911,999 | 9 – 13.5 | 250 | 1,250 | 5,000 | 2.96M | 13.31M | 93.17M |
| 3 | 141,912,000 – 189,215,999 | 13.5 – 18 | 125 | 625 | 2,500 | 1.48M | 6.66M | 99.83M |
| 4 | 189,216,000 – 236,519,999 | 18 – 22.5 | 62.5 | 312.5 | 1,250 | 0.74M | 3.33M | 103.15M |
| ∞ | geometric limit | — | 106.5M | |||||
4.4 Reward distribution
| Reward | Masternodes | Stakers | Voters | Foundation | Note |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epoch (since block 6,005,886) | 50% | 40% | 0% | 10% | Staker share paid to the staking reward pool 0x10001A5440e786721a33EBe1981DdC5382C52C18. |
| Epoch (historical, before 6,005,886) | 40% | 40% | 10% | 10% | Staker and voter shares were credited to the foundation wallet; replay-exact. |
| SuperBlock | 50% | 30% | 10% | 10% | Voter share is paid to the foundation until an on-chain voting system exists. |
| ClusterChain | 50% | 30% | 10% | 10% |
The masternode share is divided among the validators that actually sealed blocks in the period, weighted by blocks produced, so an absent validator earns nothing. The foundation wallet is 0x6704Fbfcd5Ef766B287262fA2281C105d57246a6 (genesis 15,000,000 BRC; 27.5M BRC today live). Per-validator payout, total minted per boundary and the halving schedule were unchanged by the August 2026 activation; only the destination of the staker share moved.
4.5 Transaction fees
- Minimum gas price 0.25 gwei; a 21,000-gas transfer costs 0.00000525 BRC. Fees are paid in BRC to the sealing validator (block coinbase).
- Block gas limit 200,000,000 — about 9,500 simple transfers per block, ≈3,000 transfers per second of theoretical capacity.
- Consensus sign() transactions from masternodes are zero-gas-price; they appear in every block and are labelled as consensus traffic in the explorer.
- TRC21-style fee delegation exists in the codebase (token issuers may pay gas for their users); the standard path bills the sender.
4.6 BRX token and staking
Birr X (BRX) is an ERC-20 at 0xDc267E624A82458B7b1EB5A2fBAE8F59828C01cd. The deployed contract is role-based and mints on claim: the staking vault 0xBb0821142480F47bd12d5F8b3Ac8895f96E90DA9 (NativeBrcStakingWithBrx) is the minter and creates BRX only when a staker claims accrued rewards. There is no pre-mint and no hard cap in the deployed contract; BRX supply equals the rewards paid out to date.
| Parameter | Value | Source |
|---|---|---|
| Reward start | 2025-12-30 21:59 UTC (brxRewardStartTime = 1767129570) | live contract verified |
| Base rate | 0.15 BRX per staked BRC per day (54.75 BRX per BRC per year) | initialDailyBrxPerBrc |
| Halving | ÷2 every 63,072,000 s (2 years); at most 5 halvings → floor rate 0.0046875 | halvingPeriod, maxHalvings |
| Lock periods | 30, 90, 180 or 365 days; a longer re-stake extends the lock | contract constants |
| Unstake | after the lock, a 7-day cooldown (604,800 s) precedes withdrawal | cooldownSeconds |
| Minimum stake | 100 BRC | minimumStake |
BRX utility: it is the reward token of the staking platform, trades against WBRC on BirrDEX (pool WBRC/BRX), is fingerprinted by Token DNA on every transfer, and is the settlement unit for in-app rewards (BirrAcademy, games, marketplace incentives). Governance weight is exercised through BRC and BirrID, not BRX.
4.7 Why two tokens
BRC · security and settlement
Hard-capped, mined only at consensus boundaries, required for gas and validator stake. Scarcity protects the security budget.
BRX · participation reward
Created only when stakers claim, so issuance follows real participation. Rewarding in BRX keeps BRC emission on its fixed schedule.
Clear accounting
Anyone can recompute both supplies from public data: BRC from the 45 genesis wallets plus vault balances, BRX from the token's totalSupply.
| Feature | BRC | BRX |
|---|---|---|
| Type | Native coin | ERC-20 (18 decimals) |
| Supply | 330,000,000 cap · 194M genesis · ≈300.5M asymptote | Mint-on-claim · ≈478K today · no pre-mint |
| Created by | Consensus boundaries (epoch / SuperBlock / ClusterChain) | Staking vault when rewards are claimed |
| Used for | Gas, validator stake, staking principal, settlement | Staking yield, DEX trading, in-app rewards |
| Provenance | Token DNA (native movements) | Token DNA (ERC-20 transfers) |
5Token DNA
Token DNA gives every BRC and BRX movement a deterministic cryptographic fingerprint so that any transfer can be authenticated and traced to its origin without hardware tags. It is a read-only observer of the chain: it never signs, never writes to the chain and cannot influence consensus, so it can never cause a fork.
validationProof = SHA-256( geneticHash ‖ timestamp )
dnaId = SHA-256( geneticHash ‖ tokenType ‖ contract ) · generation = 1 for a fresh movement, parentHash links lineage
Architecture
DNA persister live
Walks the indexed transaction table, computes fingerprints (services/dnaService.js) and upserts dna_records; idempotent (dna_id primary key), bounded batches, cross-process lock.
Native BRC tracker live
Every value-bearing native transfer is fingerprinted (token type 0, BRC_NATIVE).
BRX contract tracker live
ERC-20 Transfer events of the BRX contract are fingerprinted (token type 1, BRX_CONTRACT) with the contract address bound into the record.
TokenDNA contract deployed
An on-chain TokenDNA contract (0x30915c9B1CFD050D9d9A9Fa316aa0eC82b3Ff552) and Token Certificate / Traceability Manager contracts are deployed for on-chain attestations; the canonical fingerprint index is the off-chain persister above.
Records are public through /api/dna/stats, /api/dna/recent and /api/dna/tx/{hash}, and every fingerprint is browsable at birr.foundation/token-dna. As of this edition the index holds 1,174 fingerprints (1,019 BRC native, 155 BRX) live.
Validation layers
- Transaction signature (ECDSA, secp256k1) — the movement is authentic.
- Block inclusion — the transaction sits in a finalised block with a valid receipt.
- Quorum-certified checkpoint — the block's epoch has been signed by ≥ 0.667 of masternodes.
- Fingerprint match — recomputing the genetic hash from public fields reproduces the stored value.
- Lineage integrity — the validation proof and parent hash chain are consistent.
Comparison with RFID and use cases
| Feature | RFID tag | Token DNA |
|---|---|---|
| Tamper resistance | Physical only; cloneable | Cryptographic, immutable once finalised |
| Traceability | Limited scan history | Complete lineage from origin to current holder |
| Verification | Centralised reader infrastructure | Anyone can recompute from public data |
| Cost | Hardware per item | Software only |
Applications: supply-chain provenance, pharmaceutical anti-counterfeiting, luxury-goods authenticity, regulatory audit of financial flows, and credential verification through BirrID (DNA validation count feeds BirrID reputation).
6Security architecture
Security is layered from the network up. Layers are labelled by their status on mainnet.
| Layer | Mechanism | Status |
|---|---|---|
| 1 · Transaction | ECDSA secp256k1 signatures, EIP-155 replay protection, nonce ordering, gas limits | live |
| 2 · Consensus | Quorum certificates (0.667 threshold), timeout certificates, epoch checkpoints, block-signer confirmations, 6-block finality | live |
| 3 · Validator | Stake-gated masternode set (0x88), penalties for missed blocks, participation-based slashing, protocol blacklist (since #3,110,000) | live |
| 4 · Randomisation | Commit–reveal randomisation through the Randomize contract (0x90) for proposer ordering | live |
| 5 · Data integrity | Standard Ethereum state / transaction / receipt Merkle roots; merkle-root verification enabled in V2+ configuration | live |
| 6 · Provenance | Token DNA fingerprints and validation proofs for BRC and BRX movements | live |
| 7 · Identity | BirrID KYC levels, server attestation and face verification; encrypted off-chain data | live |
| 8 · Advanced signatures | BLS / threshold-BLS aggregation, VRF proposer selection, HotStuff-style 3-phase BFT, Verkle/zk-tree state (present in consensus/BRDPoS source; not the active mainnet path) | planned |
| 9 · Post-quantum | Lattice / hash-based signature upgrade path | planned |
7BirrID and the 10-level KYC system
BirrID is the identity layer: an ERC-721 identity (BirrIDNFT) bound to a wallet, carrying a KYC level from 0 to 9, a country code, a document-type hash and non-identifying attestation flags. Documents, photos, liveness video and biometric scores never leave the KYC server; they are encrypted with wallet-derived keys and only hashes and booleans reach the chain.
| Level | Name | Requirement | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | None | Wallet only (BirrID may be auto-created) | live |
| 1 | Basic | Phone + email OTP, government ID scan (barcode/QR is the source of truth, OCR cross-check), liveness, face match, server attestation | live — the level issued to verified users today |
| 2 | Standard | Level 1 + additional document validation | defined in KYCRegistry |
| 3 | Enhanced | Level 2 + proof of address / enhanced due diligence | defined; issued to a subset of early mints |
| 4 | Institutional | Business registration and beneficial-owner KYC | defined |
| 5 – 9 | VIP tiers | Stake-linked tiers reserved for high-limit accounts | reserved (contract accepts 0–9) |
Verification flow
- Document capture — back-of-ID barcode / QR decoded first (Fayda, state ID, passport MRZ); front-of-ID OCR must contain the barcode values; expiry parsed with dual-calendar support.
- Liveness — on-device face landmarks, blink and head-turn challenges with self-calibrating direction checks; anti-replay.
- Face match — server-side ArcFace comparison of the ID portrait against live frames; fail-closed, never decided in the browser.
- Attestation and mint — the KYC server signs the result; the BirrID is minted with the level, country and document-type hash; the mint transaction is public.
The public registry of minted BirrIDs (wallet, level, country, document type, server attested, face verified, mint transaction) is at birr.foundation/verified-accounts. 30 BirrIDs are minted at the time of this edition live. One phone number can be bound to at most one verified BirrID. BirrID also carries a reputation score fed by DNA validations and transaction activity, and gates governance, certificate issuance, cross-border remittance and masternode applications.
8BirrFoundation ecosystem
BirrWallet (iOS / Android) live
Native mobile wallet with PIN and biometric lock, BRC/BRX balances, staking, KYC onboarding, dApps, live audio/video rooms and games (Seka, Conquer, Rolly), OTA-updated on top of store-approved native builds.
BirrFoundation web live
Explorer, wallet, staking, DEX, bridge, KYC, academy, mirror, marketplace and this whitepaper at birr.foundation, deployed as a static site on Cloudflare Pages.
BirrDEX live
Uniswap-V2-style AMM (constant product). Swap fee 0.3% (997/1000). Factory 0x2142…8f64, router 0xA90E…a8cC. Pools today: WBRC/BRX and one bootstrap pool; TVL ≈ 2,050 BRC.
BirrBridge live
Lock-and-mint bridge from native BRC (3669) to WBRC on Polygon (chain 137, token 0xA9bC…a185) with multi-signer release; native BRC is locked 1:1 in the backing reserve. Further chains are on the roadmap.
Staking platform live
Stake BRC for 30 / 90 / 180 / 365 days from 100 BRC; earn BRX at 0.15 per BRC per day (halving every two years). The consensus staker share (40% of every epoch reward) accrues to the staking reward pool.
Payments live
Buy BRC with cards through Stripe, and with on-ramps (MoonPay, Transak); in-app SMS-verified phone binding; NFC payment prototypes.
Certificates live
PDF stamping with an on-chain hash, IPFS storage and instant verification; BirrAcademy course certificates issue through the same path.
BR Code live
Deterministic, scannable artistic QR codes for addresses and payment requests.
birrSyntropy, BirrMirror, BirrPlug live
Encrypted matchmaking, self-evaluation and an on-chain marketplace — dApps that consume BirrID, DNA and BRC settlement.
9Smart contracts on mainnet
The deployment manifest lists 43 addresses; 33 have bytecode on mainnet at the time of this edition (checked with eth_getCode). System contracts are at reserved addresses.
| Contract | Address | Role |
|---|---|---|
| Masternode Validator (system) | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000088 | Candidate stake, election, penalties |
| Block Signer (system) | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000089 | Masternode sign() confirmations |
| Randomize (system) | 0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000090 | Commit–reveal randomness |
| BRX Token | 0xDc267E624A82458B7b1EB5A2fBAE8F59828C01cd | ERC-20 reward token (mint-on-claim) |
| Native BRC Staking | 0xBb0821142480F47bd12d5F8b3Ac8895f96E90DA9 | Stake BRC, earn BRX; BRX minter |
| Staking reward pool | 0x10001A5440e786721a33EBe1981DdC5382C52C18 | Receives the 40% consensus staker share |
| WBRC (native wrapper) | 0x6026F45b5C5eb2BaCeF2B7Aad177B720Ba92A8bD | Wrapped BRC for the DEX |
| BirrDEX Factory / Router / Fee Distributor | 0x214295…948f64 / 0xA90E2C…e2a8cC / 0xf0B885…524878 | AMM |
| BirrBridge | 0xfC35d7651d505F8293AED7118c465340c215d23e | Bridge escrow (native side) |
| BirrID | 0x265BD663D28cFD782EdFD4edE5225D97E8C1E7bD | Identity NFT and KYC level |
| KYC Registry | 0xF891dAbd6498ec6D42b17bfBAA03007Daa41b954 | KYC levels 0–4 enum, document CIDs (encrypted) |
| TokenDNA · Token Certificate · Traceability Manager | 0x30915c…3Ff552 · 0x75dB22…3C265 · 0x8c6Ea9…52F15 | On-chain DNA attestations |
| ISO 20022 Messaging · SWIFT Integration · Cross-Border Settlement · Electronic Transferable Records | 0xF63382…1C00e · 0xAfBD30…995D7 · 0x4334af…7f8D0 · 0xf3A171…31F1e | Cross-border payments suite |
| Certificate Authentication · Remittance Processor | 0x4cbA4F…65EA8 · 0x36F59a…3BfF3 | Credentials and remittance |
| Token Governance · Voting System | 0xbB79a5…848D7 · 0x9FDDf3…904Bd | Governance dApps |
| Marketplace Escrow · Charity Fundraising · BirrFund V2 · Conquer Game · Live Battle · Jeopardy | 0xe0e4EB…4dE034 · 0x763edb…aBBc6 · 0x178fAc…A4429 · 0x733A69…86646 · 0x9C0eBD…35904 · 0xDaeb33…54BD0 | Applications and games |
| Inscription Registry · BRC-20 Engine · Bitcoin Header Relay · Cross-Standard Bridge | 0x51016b…8Bb0C · 0xD0CA3E…9Bc03 · 0x20a16b…C41A · 0xCd934f…0712 | Inscriptions and Bitcoin interoperability |
Not deployed on mainnet at this edition (manifest entries without bytecode): KYCVerification, NativeBRCTracker, BRXContractTracker, CertificateAuthenticationAdvanced and its libraries, AssetTokenization, HealthcareRecords, SupplyChainManagement. Their functionality is either provided off-chain (DNA trackers) or scheduled.
10Validator management
Joining the set
- Candidates register in the Masternode Validator contract with stake; the validator-discovery service requires 1,000,000 BRC (MinValidatorStake) for announced validators, and the application flow requires a verified BirrID.
- Reward tiers gate eligibility by boundary: Epoch (50,000 BRC stake, 85% uptime), SuperBlock (100,000 BRC, 99%), ClusterChain (1,000,000 BRC, 99.9%). Validators with fewer than 100 total blocks receive a grace period.
- Every node reads the same contract at every checkpoint, so the elected set, rewards and penalties are deterministic — no node holds a private validator list.
Participation tracking and slashing code
| Participation in the period | Severity | Stake penalty |
|---|---|---|
| ≥ 95% | Good standing | 0% |
| 90 – 95% | Warning | 0% |
| 80 – 90% | Minor | 5% |
| 70 – 80% | Moderate | 25% |
| < 70% | Severe | 75% |
| Byzantine behaviour | Critical | 100% |
Defaults from consensus/BRDPoS/slashing.go. Penalised validators are excluded from the next election through the penalties field of checkpoint blocks (limit 4 epochs in V1 rules). Edition 4.2's block-count thresholds (15% / 5% / 2%) were test-network values.
Operational requirements
| Tier | CPU | RAM | Storage | Bandwidth |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Epoch validator | 4 cores | 8 GB | 500 GB SSD | 100 Mbps |
| SuperBlock validator | 8 cores | 16 GB | 1 TB SSD | 500 Mbps |
| ClusterChain validator | 16 cores | 32 GB | 2 TB NVMe | 1 Gbps |
Active masternodes today: 0xCCBc…54ad, 0x80Fb…9a86, 0xFe3c…78E5, 0xd3Da…FD50 and the oracle masternode 0x5f9e…bc86; each seals roughly one block in five. The validator wallet 0xCCBc…54ad was the victim of the 2026 drain incident that led to the block-3,110,000 blacklist activation.
11Technical specifications
| Item | Specification |
|---|---|
| Execution | EVM, go-ethereum lineage; Solidity contracts; JSON-RPC (eth_*, brdpos_* consensus RPCs) |
| Block time / finality | 3 s target (≈3.1 s measured); 6-block finality (≈18 s); certificates at 0.667 of masternodes |
| Throughput | 200M gas per block → ≈9,500 simple transfers per block, ≈3,000 tx/s theoretical; observed load is far below capacity |
| Consensus contracts | 0x…0088 validator, 0x…0089 block signer, 0x…0090 randomize |
| Consensus transactions | Masternode sign(uint256,bytes32) calls, zero gas price, one per masternode per confirmed block |
| Indexer | Public REST indexer (blocks, transactions, addresses, supply, DNA, KYC registry) at birr-indexer-api.fly.dev; explorer reads consensus data straight from the RPC |
| Network status | Head 7,217,000+ · epoch 8,018 · validators 5 · issued 214,741,494 BRC live |
| Wallet networks | Chain ID 3669 · RPC https://rpc.birr.foundation · symbol BRC · explorer https://birr.foundation/explorer |
12Roadmap
13Positioning
| Property | BRDPoSChain | Typical DPoS L1 | Ethereum L1 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Block time / finality | 3 s / ≈18 s | 1–3 s / seconds–minutes | 12 s / ≈13 min |
| Emission | Boundary-only, hard-capped, 4.5-year halving | Per-block inflation | Per-slot issuance, no cap |
| Provenance | Token DNA on every BRC/BRX movement | — | — |
| Identity | BirrID KYC levels bound to wallets | External | External |
| Fees | 0.25 gwei minimum, sub-cent transfers | Low | Variable, often high |
| Applications | Wallet, DEX, bridge, KYC, certificates, marketplace built in | External | External |
14Conclusion
BRDPoSChain has moved from a test network with aspirational specifications to a production chain with nine months of continuous operation, more than seven million blocks, a verified 194M genesis under a 330M cap, boundary-only emission that converges to about 300.5M BRC, a staking system that pays BRX on claim, a fork-free Token DNA index covering every BRC and BRX movement, and a KYC identity layer with a public registry. This edition replaces every figure of the previous whitepaper with the value in the code or on the chain, and marks clearly what is live and what is still planned. The explorer, tokenomics page and supply API expose the same numbers so that anyone can check them.
Legal and contact
Birr Foundation · birr.foundation · source: github.com/BirrFoundation · explorer: birr.foundation/explorer.
This whitepaper is for informational purposes only and does not constitute financial, legal or investment advice, nor an offer to sell or a solicitation to buy any token. Network parameters can change through block-keyed activations announced in the repository; live values on this page are read from the network when viewed online. Edition 5.0 supersedes edition 4.2 (December 2025). © 2026 Birr Foundation.